Agronomía
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Item Evaluación de la productividad de cuatro híbridos de tomate hortícola (Solanum Lycopersicum) bajo invernadero con dos tipos de poda, en la parroquia de Tumbaco, provincia de Pichincha(Universidad Estatal de Bolívar . Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias . Escuela de Ingeniería Agronómica, 2012) Andrango Quinatoa, Esthela Paulina; Castro Llumiquinga, Francisco David; Barberán, CésarThe tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is native to the America, originally cultivated by the Aztecs and Incas from 700 B.C. There are few vegetables that globally have such a high demand such as tomatoes. China has been the world's largest producer of tomatoes followed by the United States of America. In Ecuador, until the early 90s, in the valleys and in the subtropics was an intensive outdoors crop. From this date, in the Patate, Tungurahua; begins the production in greenhouses. Currently this system is widespread throughout the country, being Tungurahua, Pichincha and Imbabura the major producing provinces. The objectives of this research were: i) to evaluate the effect of four tomato hybrids, ii) to study the response of two types of pruning tomato, and iii) To make an economic analysis and Marginal Rate of Return (%). In this study we used a (DBCA) with a 4X2 factorial arrangement with 8 treatments and 6 reps. The Factor A accounted Tomato Hybrids A1 = Titan, A2 = Michel, A3 = Jennifer, A4 = Sheila. The Factor B were pruning types: B1 = Pruning an axis; B2 = Pruning two axes. Analysis of variance was performed; Tukey test at 5%; Correlation analysis and Linear Regression, economic analysis and calculation of Marginal Rate of Return. The main results were: there was a respectful response of tomato hybrids in most components. The highest was the Hybrid A1: Titan with 269,34 tons/ha. The effect of the two types of pruning was different, with the highest average pruning B1: 1 axis with 269,67 tons/ha. In the interaction of (AxB), the higher was quantified in T1 treatment : A1B1 (pruning Titan 1 axis), with 294,27 tons/ha, being also economically the best treatment with a net profit of $ 149,034.2/ha and a 16,04 % TMR. Finally this research helped to improve the efficiency of local production system, to evaluate hybrids and types of pruning tomato, which is an alternative to improve the income of growersItem Evaluación agronómica del cultivo del cilantro (Coriandrum Sativum L.), con tres densidades de siembra utilizando fertilización química, fertilización orgánica y sin fertilización en la provincia de Pichincha, cantón Quito, parroquia de Tumbaco(Universidad Estatal de Bolívar . Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias . Escuela de Ingeniería Agronómica, 2012) Simbaña Tórres, Arturo Exequiel; Salazar, SoniaThe cultivation of coriander is the most important issues worldwide. It is estimated that spices move around U.S. $ 6000 million in the market and the industry is growing by 5 to 6% annually. In Ecuador there are some farmers who grow cilantro for commercial and small trials conducted in order to improve their production, while most farmers traditionally continues to sow in rows, broadcast or simply as an addition to the family garden usually associated and alternate with other horticultural crops. The lack of information due to the lack of research on the cultivation of coriander, largely slows the development of this agricultural activity, since the time of seeding we find some drawbacks that leads up to dominate much investment of time and money. For all the above, this research proposes an alternative that increases productivity by changing the traditional idea of cultivation both planting density and fertilization. The objectives were: Evaluate agronomic cultivation of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.), using three planting densities and two types of fertilization in the parish of Tumbaco, Quito Canton, and Pichincha province. Determine which of the three planting densities is better in the development of the crop. Evaluate Establish the which economic of the two benefit-cost fertilization gives ratio.The factors better studied results. were: planting densities, using 3 densities: A steady stream, 5 and 10 cm between plants; we used 3 seeds per hill. Chemical fertilization, organic fertilization, and witnesses for each density. This research was carried out at the villa of Mrs. Gloria Davila, located in the province of Pichincha Canton Quito, Tumbaco parish, at an altitude of 2465 m We used the design of completely randomized blocks with factorial arrangement of 3 x 3 x 3.Se performed the Tukey test at 5% for the averages of the treatments and study factors A, B. Correlation analysis and linear regression analysis and economic cost - benefit. 104 The main results obtained in this investigation were: The agronomic response over the three planting densities and the two types of fertilizer, agro-ecological zone for this was largely different. The average yield de la cilantro horticultural species was, of 6.14 kg / plot. The density gave the best results in performance of foliage evaluated in kg / plot at harvest, was a continuous stream: A1 with 7.5 kg, this due to the high density planting more plants had more foliage and therefore. In the fertilizer types altosen averages more cilantro performance was recorded in Q2: F. Chemistry with 7.9 kg / plot and the T3: F. Organic with 6.9 kg / plot. For the interaction AxB best performance was obtained in T 2 (A1xB2) with 10.56 kg / plot. The components that increased the yield of coriander were: number of leaves per plant at 30 days and harvest plant height at 50 days and cosecha y days to harvest. The total net benefits ($ / ha) in culture and evaluated taking into account the two best treatments and growth duration of three months, the highest benefit evaluadofueen the chemical (T2) with $ 8549,40/ha, and the benefit / higher cost: RB / C of 5.25 and an RI / C of 4.25. This means that the producer for every dollar invested, has a gain of $ 0.14.Con organic fertilizer T 3 net income / ha, was $ 6498.37/ha, a RB / C of 4.65 and an RI / C of 3.65 ie that for every dollar invested, the producer would earn 3.65centsItem Evaluación agronómica del cultivo de pepinillo (Cucumis Sativus L.) Hìbrido Panther F1 a la aplicación complementaria de tres fertilizantes foliares orgánicos con tres diferentes dosis, en la parroquia de Tumbaco provincia de Pichincha(Universidad Estatal de Bolívar . Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias . Escuela de Ingeniería Agronómica, 2010) Usiña Cases, Guido Bolívar; Usiña Cases, Vilma Alexandra; Monar, NelsonThe depletion of conventional agricultural system, for many reasons, has prompted the search for sustainable alternative technologies to maintain a high production yield. Foliar fertilization is one which fits the nutritional requirements, resulting in an increase in yield and quality. For the considerations outlined in this investigation was to evaluate the efficiency of three organic foliar fertilizer applied in a complementary way to the cultivation of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L), F1 hybrid Panther defined the following objectives: • Establish which of the three foliar organic fertilizers can improve crop production pickle. • Determine the cucumber crop production in each of the doses of organic foliar fertilizer. • Perform an economic analysis of the B / C. The test was run on the Tola Barrio Girl # 3. Located in the parish of Tumbaco, Canton Quito, Pichincha Province, in the area the average temperature is 15.7 o C, recorded an average annual rainfall of 867 mm, is located at an altitude of 2465 meters. The investigation was set in an area of flat topography, sandy loam, with a high organic matter content of 2.11% and partially neutral pH 7.4, soil analysis showed the following levels, excess phosphorus, potassium and enough under nitrogen. We used a completely randomized design (DCA). This experiment was conducted using F1 hybrid cucumber Phanta, and the factor being studied: We used three organic foliar fertilizers in different doses and a control. The experiment was carried within the parameters of organic agriculture, basic fertilization with organic fertilizers are made to be incorporated prior to planting, with emphasis on organic gardening, organic products are used to control pests and diseases, and practices cultural and physical. The analysis of variance, 5% Tukey test to compare means of treatments, correlation and regression linear, analysis and economic analysis B / C. 82 The main results obtained in this study were: • The response of the treatments evaluated in cucumber in all yield components were homogeneous • According to the statistical analysis, the average yield was highest in treatment T9 (bio Fitomare X 3 ml/l water) the same as that presented a greater influence on vegetative growth and a yield of 7.34 MT / ha. • The independent variables that contributed to increased performance were average length of the guide blade length of 60 days, number of fruits per plant, fruit weight, fruit length, fruit diameter. • In economic analysis, the treatment had the highest benefit / cost ratio was T4 (Aborganliq 8 ml/l water) with 1.60 meaning that for every dollar invested and earns 0.60 USD recovered. because they received more income from sales and high performance.