Agronomía
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Item Evaluación del suero láctico en el control de oidium sp en tomate riñón (Lycopersicum sculentum) en cultivo bajo invernadero en Yaruquí, provincia de Pichincha(Universidad Estatal de Bolívar . Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias . Escuela de Ingeniería Agronómica, 2009) Vargas Ramos, Raúl Efraín; Osorio Talavera, Tomás Raúl; Barberán, CésarIs painful recognize continues use qualification literate unreasonable of agrochemicals, some high degree of toxicity in the continuous combat pest, fortunately there are organizations concerned with finding alternatives to reshape cultivation using natural and biological products for the control of pests and diseases. The alternatives are varied, one of them is to use lactic serum to control the Oidium sp in tomato kidney (Lycupersicum sculentum). The parish of Yaruquí decided to try this product at a dose of 2, 3 and 4 cc lactic serum for liter of water and frequency of 1, 2 and 3 weeks. For this study raised the following objectives: -Evaluate the incidence and severity of the presence of the Oidium sp. – To determine the dose and most appropriate for your control frequency. - To determine the cost/benefit ratio. -Provide initial elements for the establishment of a technology use of lactic serum. The variables discussed: - Survival. - Height plant at different ages. - Emergence of the Oidium sp. - The Incidence of infection. - Severity of infection. - Effect on the foliage. - Effect on the fruit. - Effect on Phonological stages plant -Incidence of other pathogenic fungi - Incidence insect pest, and - Production. The materials used in the research were: tomato kidney Nemo-Neta variety and milk ́s lactic serum. The results obtained, the best was the seven parcel of land (T7), this one received 4 cc lactic serum for liter of water and 1 application every week. The severity was very mild (between 0 and 20 %) and remained in the lower third of plant. Lactic serum caused a slight loss of brightness in the gout to dry or wipe oneself product sheets. The fruit was not affected. Used doses did not cause effect on plant phonological stages, not controlled boat or insects plague, the production was commercial quality. Lactic serum in their different doses and applied frequencies showed excellent preventative properties with even the smallest dose and wider frequency. Dispersed serum in water solution, contact with the foliage forms a thin layer of fat which prevents the spores settlement dry. When applications on foliage that has already been infected by Oidium sp lactic serum wash and blocks the tissue maintaining latent the pathogen, if not be continuing with this periodic applications, this one to shoot forth climatic conditionsItem Evaluación de 17 accesiones de maíz (zea mays l.), en la localidad de Curgua, Provincia de Bolívar, con investigacion participativa.(Universidad Estatal de Bolivar. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias . Escuela de Ingenieria Agronomica, 2004) Silva Garcia, David Rodrigo; Monar Benavides, Carlos MarcialThe corn (Zea mays L.) alone to in association with other species constitutes the basic food of more importance in the world with relationship to the world production for species cultivated squatter the third place after the wheat (Triticum sativum L) and the rice (Oriza sativa L) (Monar, C. 1992). At world level she/he is considered a cultivated surface of 140 million hectares with a production of 577 million tons. In the Ecuador the corn is one of the main cultivations of the region interandina occupying an area of 271.640 there is with a production of 407.460 tons. In the county Bolivar the cultivation of corn occupies the first place in importance with a surface of 30.000 there is of soft corn (Monar, C. 2003). This investigation was carried out in the town of Curgua, parish Santa Fe, canton Guaranda, county Bolivar. It is at an altitude of 2.580 msnm, latitude 01°37S; longitude: 79° 55´W. Floor of loamy frank type with a pH of 6.5. contained First floor of N, P and S. half Content of K and contained first floor of organic matter (2.2%). The date of sows it was the 18 of December of the year 2002. In this investigation they thought about the following objectives: • To Contribute to the improvement of the productivity and sostenibilidad of the local production systems. • To Evaluate agronomic and morfológicamente 17 agreements of soft corn and I last with investigation participative. • To Select with investigation participative the best varieties of soft corn and I last for this agriculture-ecological area. • To Carry out an analysis of the economic relationship Beneficio/Costo. A design of complete blocks was used at random (DBCA) with three repetitions. To have more specific and more valid results, the germoplasma of corn was evaluated in three groups or rehearsals: soft, hard and synthetic. Each variety corresponded to a treatment according to the following detail: Varieties of soft grain: T1: INIAP-101; T2: INIAP-102; T3: INIAP-122; T4: INIAP-124; T5: INIAP-192 and T6: INIAP-111 Improved Guagal (witness). Varieties of Hard grain (morochos): T1: INIAP-180; T2: INIAP-160, T3: INIAP-151; T4: Central university; T5: Local corn (witness morocho of grain cream color) and T6: INIAP-176. In the rehearsal of synthetic: T1: POB86 x INIAP-176; T2: Synthetic TO; T3: Synthetic B; T4: INIAP-180 (witness improved variety) and T5: Local witness (morocho of grain cream color). They were carried out analysis of Variance, test of Tukey, analysis of Correlation and regression, economic analysis of relationship B/C and analysis of the process of evaluations participatives. With base to the statistical, agronomic, economic analyses and investigation participative, the following more excellent results are synthesized: • Was evaluated and it characterized germoplasma of promissory soft and hard corn for this agriculture-ecological area mainly pr its sanity, precocity and yield. • The cultivares of soft corn with the highest values in production in choclo, in dry, in having toasted and bigger acceptability was INIAP-111 Improved Guagal with 449 choclo sacks for hectare and 5.525 kg/ha in dry; INIAP-124 with 428 choclo sacks for hectare and 5.180 kg/ha in dry. • The varieties of hard corn with more yield in dry were: Central University with 7.364 kg/ha and INIAP-180 with 7.209 kg/ha. bigger acceptability had INIAP-160 for the color of the white and big grain. • In the synthetic ones the highest yield registered in POB86 x INIAP-176 with 5.709 and Synthetic B with 5.527 kg/ha. • The components that contributed to an increment of the yield of corn in dry were: percentage of plántulas emergency, height of insert of ears and diameter of ears. The variables that reduced the yield were the one it flattens of root plants and mainly of shaft. • The biggest economic relationship in B/C in choclo one had in INIAP-111 Guagal Improved with 1,93. In soft corn in dry the relationship higher Beneficio/Costo registered in INIAP-192 Improved Chulpe with 2,65, followed by INIAP-111 with 2,15. In the cultivares of hard corn the relationship higher Beneficio/Costo one had in INIAP-160 with 2,13 and Central University with 1,67. • The cultivares of more acceptability on the part of the beneficiaries was INIAP-111 improved Guagal; INIAP-124; INIAP-192 (in dry) and INIAP-160. Finally this study demonstrated that germoplasma of promissory corn exists for this agriculture-ecological area with excellent quality for choclo, toasted, good plant sanity and ears, grains of white color, it cremates and yellow, precocious; intermediate and late precocity that you/they can contribute to improve the local production systems.Item Determinar el porcentaje de germinación en borojó (borojoa patinoi cuatr) probando cuatro sustratos y tres escarificaciones.(Universidad Estatal de Bolívar . Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias . Escuela de Ingeniería Agronómica, 2005) Lema Carrera, Ángel Joselito; Sánchez, JoséThe borojò is one of the non traditional cultivations with more expectation for the export it can use it in marmalades, juices, yogurt, etc. The producing countries are Uruguay, Brazil, Peru, Ecuador and Colombia. In Ecuador in established cultivations and with a density of 625 trees, the production oscillates between 15000 and 20000 Kg. / there is. In the provincial environment borojò cultivations have not been reported in big extensions, alone they exist in small associations with, yucca, papaya, citric, cocoa, among others. Recently he/she has been renewed the interest for the propagation for seed due to the remarkable behavior of plants coming from seeds of natural pollination.Item Evaluación de la pérdida del suelo por erosión hídrica en tres sistemas de producción en la microcuenca de la quebrada Chilcapamba, Cantón Chillanes, Provincia Bolívar(Universidad Estatal de Bolívar . Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias . Escuela de Ingeniería Agronómica, 2008) Chela Morocho, Efraín Edwin; Monar Gavilanez, Nelson ArturoThis work of investigation was made in the year 2007 - 2008, in the locality of the Vaquería, Chillanes region, Province Bolivar. In this investigation considered the following objectives: to determine the amount of soil that loses by effect of the superficial draining in the production systems grass, maize and bean in monoculture; to calculate the superficial draining in the production systems; to make the economic analysis of the reduction in the productivity of the headings in study by effect of the hydric erosion. In the province of Bolivar, 92% of the surface correspond to slope soils, of which 45% are in processes of critical erosion, had mainly to the inadequate use of the farming practices associated to the climatic and edáficas conditions of the zone. The most serious form of degradation of the soil is the caused one by the hydric erosion that depends on the amount, intensity, duration, diameter of the drop of water, speed and kinetic energy of the drops of rain, slope level, cover of the soil and deficient practices of conservation. Of the microriver basin of the Alumbre river, studies are not registered that quantify the degradation of the soil caused by the hydric erosion in the main production systems. Therefore, the INIAP with the support of SANREM CRSP, at random implemented a study with the main cultures of the zone (grass, maize and bean) in Desing of Complete Blocks with three treatments and three repetitions, were made analysis of variance and test of the Tukey to 5%. The variables that were evaluated are volume of water by precipitation, slipped volume of water, gross weight of sediments in suspension, coefficient of draining, infiltrated volume of water, sediment gross weight per year and the loss of macro and micronutrients. The results show that the production system that favored the loss of soil is the maize. In the production system of grass the smaller amount of loss of soil was registered, thus contributes to the conservation of this resource. The production systems in which the greater superficial draining was registered correspond to bean and maize. In the system maize it is where greater losses of macro and micronutrients of the soil take place. The production system of maize with high precipitation levels favors the superficial draining with greater drag sediments and its direct incidence on the loss of fertility of soil. The production 60 system of grass favors the greater amount of infiltration of the rainwater. The erosion of the soil not only generates physical and environmental problems in the subriver basin, but in addition socioeconómicas repercussions in the homes, economic losses by the reduction of the productivity of the cultures on which the familiar sustenance depends. Finally it is recommended to design and to implement alternative technological friendly with the environment for the sustainable production of the productive and economic headings of the subriver basin and to generate spaces for the socialization of the information generated to motivate and to enable to agricultores/as in alternatives technological that the conservation of soils in the subriver basin foments.Item Evaluación agronómica con investigación participativa de tres líneas promisorias de amaranto (amaranthus sp.) con fertilización química y orgánica en la localidad de Laguacoto II, Provincia Bolívar(Universidad Estatal de Bolívar . Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias . Escuela de Ingeniería Agronómica, 2006) Guata Patin, Carlos Vinicio; Monar Benavides, Carlos MarcialAmaranth is an Andean crop and part of the production systems of our aboriginal and was used for religious rites and as the foundation of your diet along with corn, quinoa, potatoes, lupine and others. Amaranth is currently a crop that can be used in human and animal food. This plant has proteins (amino acids) and some minerals such as iron and calcium. They can produce a wide variety of products such as flour, popcorn, desserts, biscuits, baby food, etc., with added value. Bolivar province, disappeared amaranth cultivation due to genetic erosion and replacement with agro ecosystems that today are unsustainable and are the unicultivos. Amaranth because of its nutritional characteristics of excellent quality, it has niche markets like the European Union, United States and is a species that can effectively contribute to the food security and sovereignty. This research was conducted with the active participation of students, technicians, researchers, producers / as, and Local Agricultural Research Committee (CIAL). This test was performed at the Experimental Farm Laguacoto II, State University of Bolivar, located in the parish Veintimilla, Canton Guaranda, Bolívar province. The soil type is clay loam; low to medium nitrogen; low for phosphorus and sulfur; Good potassium. The soil has a pH of 6.7. Low organic matter content of 2.8%.Item Producción, posproducción y comercialización de cacao (theobroma cacao) en el Cantón Caluma(Universidad Estatal de Bolívar . Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias . Escuela de Ingeniería Agronómica, 2007) Mora Coloma, Ángel Eugenio; Vásquez, HugoThe Ecuadorian agricultural system enjoys variety of crops. According to the 2002 census cocoa it is occupying the greater amount of soil in the country and a small part in our Province of Bolivar and in our Canton Caluma. For this reason we have proposed a study to determine the technologies they use our cocoa producers Caluma Canton with the aim of promoting for those with deficiency and make an impact as strengths in subsequent instances. To duly perform all activities concerning the process of post-harvest production and marketing. The study was conducted in 10 precincts belonging to the Canton Caluma, in order to learn the techniques used by our farmers in cocoa matters and also integrate with the connotative language of the place, in which 10 random surveys were implemented with a total of 100 respondents. Autonomous National Agricultural Research Institute (INIAP), National Institute of Statistics and Census (INEC), Cartographic Material Military Geographical Institute (IGM), Bolivar State University, Provincial Government of Bolívar, Page: To collect secondary information as visited institutions Web, National Institute of Meteorology and Hydrology (INAMHI). The methods used were, with the help of a physical map of Canton, considering that the area selected The person was influenced by cocoa plantations. The survey was based on semi-structured open and closed questions, using clear and simple language easily understood taking care that reality and local knowledge is identified. For the analysis of research we used descriptive statistics. After comparing and corresponding interpretation it is determined cocoa production in the canton Caluma in 80542 Kg. And forms of land tenure are mostly own like the postproduction techniques using cocoa. Marketing channels and the unique relationship between traders and producers as prices throughout the year and corresponding returns shown, demonstrated that cocoa made to be long-lived plants that have little production but small technologies are applied they could enhance the same. Finally, this study showed that cocoa cropping competes with other plants for nutrients, water and light so its production is lower, considering that since this semi technified should at least production of 6 quintals per hectare., But It is not therefore necessary to train cocoa producer. Production in the canton is deficient, due to the existence of old plants, plus the lack of fertilization, pruning and good management. The high cost of renting mules and the inconvenience of not having access routes carrozable different cacao plantations, make the cocoa farmer to invest in these parameters enormous amount of money. Therefore he can never see your daily fortune and tenacious work; He is always working at a loss as it has been shown in representative paintings. However he served them cocoa and serve them as credit source, not banks or cooperatives, but of cocoa traders, who exploit producers making indiscriminate discounts, offering daring disguise their money according to the amount of money offered to a greater or give them fewer credits, the same as is spent on consumer goods, agricultural inputs not specifically for cocoa. Their hard work and sacrifice in the field tenacious, are never rewarded, but have the satisfaction of winning the daily bread with his honest work.Item Efecto de productos orgánicos en la calidad del suelo y en la estimulación del desarrollo radical en palma aceitera (elaeis guineensis jacq.), en dos localidades(Universidad Estatal de Bolívar . Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias . Escuela de Ingeniería Agronómica, 2009) Luzon Toscano, Nestor Santiago; Herrera Limaico, Diego Vladimir; Donato, WashingtonEcuador weather conditions make their lands are optimal for the cultivation of African palm, activity that meets certain peculiar features and make this industry a potential for social and economic development of the population. The cultivation of oil palm interesting investment moves, creates important jobs and promotes the agricultural development of the country, not only from the point of view of culture but by the number of underlying business generated. It is estimated that this activity generates 60 thousand direct jobs and 30 000 indirect jobs in related activities (Arevalo, 2004). The National Association of Oil Palm Growers (ANCUPA) indicates that the oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) is one of the most promising crops of Ecuador, because it has the advantage of producing all year and being in a tropical area, could transform solar energy into oil; It is a crop of great importance in the economy of our country (Recalde, 2002). Oil palm is a crop that is characterized by high nutrient intake to satisfy their vegetative growth and high production potential of fruit and oil (Bernal, 2002). The physical and chemical soil characteristics influence the development of oil palm, particularly in marginal climates, palm oil is favored by deep, loose and well drained soil. A shallow water table limits the development of its roots and nutrition. In general, good physical characteristics, texture and structure, are preferable to the level of fertility, as this can be corrected with mineral fertilization. Oil palm resists low levels of acidity to pH 4. The soil too alkaline they are harmful. (SICA - MAG, 2001). The importance of the products and the benefits of these are the elements containing complexes act as cofactors of the actions of enzymes that contribute algae. Enzymatic and hormonal action; same, which enhance the spread reference microorganisms, as they are alive. The cyanophytes, fix nitrogen from the air even in non-legumes and foster halophiles desalination. Improving and rehabilitating soils, providing textural equilibrium, improving structure, giving greater porosity (descompacta compact soils), gives body to light soils, adjust the pH, desalted, desodifica, demineralized (mobilizes the accumulated fertilizer), detoxifies, promotes more stuff organic and microbial life; It makes efficient irrigation water, fertilizers and agrochemicals; less leaching; availability and making more nutrients favoring bio geo chemical processes of the soil-plant system. The plant will receive therefore the best conditions for efficient development, contributing to the increase of production, and this in turn results in a good return for the oil palm sector (GLOBAL ORGANICS, 2007). At the present time, one of the main problems that support this Palmácea is the lack of roots, because of poor agricultural management that crop is especially concerning fertilization. Poor fertilization program can cause soil acidity, compaction, and the occurrence of phytosanitary problems such as the presence of pests (eg cochineal red scale). Mismanagement greatly affects the appearance of roots. These not only allow anchoring the plant but are responsible for absorbing water and nutrients from the soil. With poor root system, fertilization usually becomes a meaningless practice, since most chemical fertilizers are lost by not being taken by the plant, due to insufficient number of roots, which definitely translates into low productions and consequently economic losses (Diaz, 2000). Because the roots of the palm, are constantly renewed, including primary, could assess the effect of the products within six months of the investigation and therefore was of great interest to carry out the study to address the shortage of roots This Palmácea, in order to improve the nutrition and water absorption, while putting emphasis on improving the quality of the soil where the crop is grown. It is very important to regenerate and / or increase the number of roots in the cultivation of oil palm especially prior to fertilization that this is not a practical no sense and according to the results we recommend using bio-stimulants to study " Rooting commercial effect on root development and increase in the cultivation of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) "(Diaz, 2000). Against this background, the company GLOBAL ORGANICS collaboration with ANCUPA (National Association of Oil Palm Growers) and the Faculty of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Environment, School of Agricultural Engineering of the State University of Bolivar, held A study involving the application of new organic and low impact found in the market, among which were used, rehabilitation and organic enhancers, bioenhancer Rooting and an organic soil. It was expected changes in soil structure, providing the level of active organic matter, providing microbial life, thereby increasing the textural balance, improving the structure ,, adjusting the pH, desalinating, desodificando, demineralizing, detoxifying, reducing leaching, This will facilitate the availability of nutrients to maintain a balance in the main processes bio geo chemical soil-plant system. This hypothesis was tested in two localities of importance in palm cultivation: The Concordia and Valencia, provinces of Esmeraldas and Los Rios, respectivelyItem Manejo de nutrientes por sitio específico con labranza de conservación en el cultivo de maíz (zea mays l.) en Laguacoto II y San pablo de Atenas, provincia Bolivar(Universidad Estatal de Bolívar . Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias . Escuela de Ingeniería Agronómica, 2007) Yánez Borja, Darwin Benigno; Monar, Carlos MarcialThis research was conducted in the 2006 growing season, at two locations in the province Bolivar, according Canadas. L, 1983 are within the area of lower montane wet forest life (bhMB), between 2000 and 2900 m the average annual rainfall varies between 1000 and 2000 mm with an average annual temperature between 12 and 18 ° C.Item Diagnóstico del uso y manejo actual del suelo para el desarrollo de un plan de capacitación en conservación de suelo en zonas de intervención de la plataforma de la papa en Quero y guano.(Universidad Estatal de Bolívar . Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias . Escuela de Ingeniería Agronómica, 2008) Ibarra Echeverría, Isidro Xavier; Monar Gavilánez, Nelson ArturoThe Quero and Guano cantons, located in the central area of the Sierra region Ecuador, have climatic and soil conditions favorable for potato cultivation. This account is based on the different production systems existing in these cantons, also constitutes the greatest source of income for families. According to information provided by farmers in the area in recent years the yields of different crops have decreased considerably. Between the causes mentioned farmers to reduce yields They are: misuse of agricultural machinery, overwork on land that is located on slopes and the irrational use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers. The cultivation of potatoes for its establishment and maintenance requires many work. The use of tractor in soil preparation is widespread, so shows 53.3% of farmers who used the tractor to plow discs remove and flip the ground. A visible feature in the study areas is the presenting irregular land topography. 52.7% of units They have production sites with an inclination from 15 ° to 30 ° (short side). Wind and rain are other factors present in the area which added to the First are the main factors of soil erosion. The institutions that are part of the platform of the Pope in Quero and Guano They have been working for the benefit of small and medium organizations potato farmers in these cantons. Among the activities that comprise the organization, planned production, marketing, research and training according to the needs and problems and crop areas. Training on integrated management of the potato crop it has been steady. Management being He ground an important and of interest to farmers in areas subject was raised research on this aspect. The main objective of this research was proposed was to conduct a Current diagnostic use and soil management to develop a plan training farmers in soil conservation in areas of intervention Pope platform in Quero and Guano. Part of the platform of the Pope in Quero and nine groups of Guano farmers. Of these we selected the five oldest groups for research, these were Shaushi, Jaloa Beach, Hualcanga San Francisco, Hualcanga San Luis and Santa Fe de Galan. Farmers who make up these groups surveys are applied to determine the use and management that give the soil and potential for conservation practices. To develop the plan training two groups of farmers were selected based on three criteria: degree organizational interest for training and the problem of soil erosion; the groups selected were: Hualcanga Shaushi and San Francisco, both located in the canton Quero. According to the reality of the areas mentioned and from the knowledge and interest of producers, a training plan was developed to respond to the soil erosion problems in what is included and agronomic practices mechanical soil conservation. The training was conducted in seven sessions on dates set by farmers. Before the training, it was built learning tools. The training plan was designed and implemented in 7 sessions. Farmers Shaushi group averaged 5.8 attended sessions, while Farmers in San Francisco 4.5 Hualcanga training on average. Although soil erosion is a visible phenomenon in the study areas, before training only 19.1% of these farmers know that is the soil erosion. With the training he got 83.9% of farmers knows this. Factors that farmers came to regard as causes of erosion are: rain, wind, man's work and the work of tractor. A level of the two groups, at the end of the training process, farmers They reached 89.7% of knowledge on the issues, increasing by 16% in their knowledge of the land and conservation practices. In Shaushi the initial knowledge was 79.0% and increased 12.3% and San Hualcanga Francisco initial knowledge was 65.3% of the topics discussed ultimately increasing by 22%.Item Estudio de impacto del proyecto prolocal en las organizaciones sociales del Cantón Caluma Provincia Bolívar durante el periodo 2002 - 2006.(Universidad Estatal de Bolívar . Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias . Escuela de Ingeniería Agronómica, 2009) Masson Chávez, Wilian Arturo; Yánez García, RodrigoCocoa is native to Mexico, whose fermented seeds, toasted and ground tropical plant the key ingredient of chocolate is obtained. The main producers of cocoa are; Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Brazil, Africa and Central America. (Ospina, J.1995). Cocoa cultivation in one form or another has spread and today is cultivated in almost all tropical and subtropical areas of the globe (Ochse, M.1998). Currently almost three million tons of cocoa produced worldwide. Cocoa production in Ecuador is 88,000 metric tons (Fernandez, J. 2000). At the level of the Province of Bolivar production is 958 tons distributed in the areas of Caluma, Echeandía, ships and San Luis de Pambil, with an area of approximately 17 984 hectares (INEC. 2002). A cantonal cocoa farming is of great importance since it depends on the economy of much of the farmers it has been successfully adapted to this area resulting in excellent production both in quantity and quality (Rojas, A. 2005). In the canton Caluma cocoa it is currently a source of income for farmers, since it is the second most after orange. The cantonal production is 230 tons spread over 4,770 hectares. (MAG. 2000). The application of plant growth regulators is widespread in many cultures and with it very different and specific objectives pursued. The plant growth regulator is a synthetic hormone. The organic substance is a hormone that is synthesized within the plant and that at low concentrations, can activate, inhibit, or modify their growth. Its fundamental action is to accelerate or slow certain stages of plant development. (Yuste, P 2000). Gibberellins are chemically related substances gibberellic acid. They are characterized mainly by their influence on stem elongation and therefore the greater plant growth. (Soberón, J. 2005). Gibberellic acid (GA) produces elongation and stem cells with a similar indoleacetic acid (IAA) but not identical effects. That acts in many tissues where indoleacetic acid is ineffective or inhibitory and vice versa. In some tissues, whether applied indoleacetic acid having a greater stimulatory effect of lengthening normal. This suggests that the action of gibberellin occurs somewhere that precedes the action of auxin in the reaction sequence leading to growth stimulation by elongation. Indoleacetic acid effects are related to protein synthesis and act at the level of enzyme induction or transcription deoxidized ribonucleic acid (DNA). Gibberellic acid stimulates cell division in the apex of the stem and stem elongation. (Bidwell, R. 1993). In asexual propagation by grafting once the grafts begin to sprout gibberellic acid is applied in order to obtain as quickly as possible and therefore grafting plants of good quality and in less time to meet the producers of this noble Fruit (INIAP. 1999).