Evaluación de tres tipos de injertos de limón tahití (Citrus Latifolia) utilizando dos patrones en Laguacoto I, cantón Guaranda, provincia Bolívar

Abstract

The Tahiti lime (Citrus latifolia) also known as lime, is the most important in the world citrus species, behind orange and mandarin. This fruit juice consumed as is characterized by the large amount of nutrients beneficial to health It contains as vitamin C and potassium (http://www.sabelotodo.org /agricultura/frutales/limontahiti.html). The Tahiti lime owes its importance to its nutritional and medicinal value to your pleasant taste, ease in industrialization and the amount of their valuable products and byproducts that are obtained from them especially proteins, minerals, carbohydrates and fats (Barroto, C. 1991). World production of Tahiti lemon by 60% increase from 1980 to 1990 as lemon, it is expected that production is 9.4 million tons, with Argentina, Mexico and Thailand more suppliers will increase the production of the fruit (FAO, 2005). According to the FAO, Latin America continue to be the main region citrus producer, with a share of 31.7% of the world total. Ecuador is not a country of large plantations of lemon, whether subtle or largest variety, Tahiti. The 9,000 acres that records the last agricultural census are concentrated in small family crops, 60 percent associated with other crops. In the case of El Oro, in the best older plantations do not exceed 10 hectares (Census of Agriculture. 2OOO). Estimated production of lemon in the province of Bolivar is distributed as follows: 45 Caluma Ha, Chillanes 20 It has, Chimbo 10 hectares, 50 hectares Echeandia, Guaranda 15 Ha, Ha 55 ships, and San Miguel 16Ha.con a total area of ​​211 hectares, with an average of production of 3000 Kg / Ha (MAGAP. 2007). The rootstock and cultivar are two individuals genotypic and phenotypic whose different individual characteristics, mutually conditioned, define its agronomic performance. Is the manifestation of the characteristics typical of a variety depends largely pattern on which it is grafted. Because the null fruit growing in the area of ​​Guaranda, there are no nurseries do research and provide solutions to multiplication and spread of fruit plants which phenological behavior is unknown thereof. Guaranda due to the lack of research in plant multiplication grafted (nurseries), and because of the low supply and demand requires grafted plants other provinces that have different climates and research where agronomic performance is different, making the citrus growers try to solve these problems with other types patterns. Given that the behavior of the grafted plants is unknown at this area because you have not done any research to assess the developing the pattern with the different types of grafts. In this research the following objectives:  evaluate the three types of grafts using two patterns Tahiti lemon in Laguacoto I.  To assess which of the three types of grafts are getting the best development.  Determine which of the two patterns influences the best arrest.  Conduct an economic cost-benefit analysis of the best