Evaluación de la productividad del cultivo de pimiento nathalie f1 (Capsicum Annuum L) utilizando dos densidades de plantación y tres tipos de fertilización orgánica, en la parroquia de Checa cantón Quito provincia de Pichincha

Abstract

The cultivation of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) has become along the time in one of the vegetables with more expansion around the world jointly with the tomato, it indicates us the importance of pepper in the nutrition of thousand persons in the whole world. According to the “III Censo Nacional Agropecuario “of 2003; in Ecuador were planted 1145 Ha of pepper as only crop and as associated with other kind of crops, which are only 0.08% of the total nationwide, of those only 1070 Ha were harvested, it means 0.09% respectively of the total nationwide. In the same way we obtained a production of 5517 tonnes of pepper with a sale equivalent to 5413 tonnes which corresponded to 0.04% and 0.2% of the total nationwide. An important fact, in the optimal production of peppers is the effect of plant density by hectare and the spacing of these with the incidence of pests and diseases, the effectiveness of insecticide applications and harvesting. The doubts of the farmers about crops' technical management causes that they apply traditional practices which raise the production and decreases the quality of these ones, all this because they are not able to use fertilization systems, planting densities’ and only few persons know about organic methods in vegetable production, but they refuse to use it. In order to contribute with technical information that could help us to improve pepper crops was made this research that was commissioned to assess the crops’ productivity; also we used two plants densities and three types of organic fertilizer. Moreover, we used hybrid pepper plants Nathalie because it was better features, strength and quality to be cultivated in open fields. The objectives in this research were: • Evaluate crop productivity Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) using two plant densities and three types of organic fertilization. • Assess which of these two densities have better performance. • Determine which of these three organic fertilizers have greater effect in the crops productivity. • Make an analysis economic about cost-benefit. 77 . This research was developed in the Province of Pichincha, Canton Quito, Town of Checa, Las Hortensias’ farm. For the study, we used a complete randomized design (DBCA) with factorial 2 x 3 and 3 repetitions. Testing with the Tukey Proof’s in 5% to compare the middle the factor A, B and interaction AxB in correlation and simple linear regression which determined the cost-benefit relation. The mains conclusions obtained in this investigation were: • The answer in most of the variables was different in this location. • The best performance was obtained with a pepper plant density of 0.40 m x 0.60 m (A2) with 165.92 kg / plot, although statistically it has not a significant difference. • The Organic fertilization B3: Bioway with middle dose of 10 T / ha, was the most suitable for the cultivation of pepper in open fields because it showed high performance of 206.5 kg / plot during t the growing season. • The interaction of the best response was obtained in the T6 yield (A2B3) with 256.0 kg / plot • The economic analysis showed that the best treatment T6 (A2B3), recording a RB / C $ 1.39 and a RI / C of 0.39 cents, it means that the farmer earns 0.39 cents for every dollar invested. • The variables that increased the efficiency were: number of fruits per plant, diameter, fruit’s length and performance per plant