Evaluación agronómica del cultivo de girasol ornamental (Helianthus Annus) variedad Sunbright a la fertilización combinada química y orgánica en la parroquia Checa, provincia de Pichincha

Abstract

The cultivation of summer flowers acquires bigger importance in the Ecuador every day, due to its great demand in the countries developed as United States, they are also attracted by its coloring, diversified beauty, great quality and duration in the jardinière. Encouraged by private investment, the Ecuadorian floriculture has developed a product with excellent features, thanks to the climate of the country and innovated technology that is applied in the culture today Ecuadorian flowers are part of the Premium range of aspect that allowed position fit in major international markets become competitive and maintain quality status. This investigation was carried out in the towns of Checa to 2400 m, with a floor type free sandy, with a pH of 7, 33; and an annual precipitation average of 900 mm. In this investigation the following objetives: i) Evaluate the effect of three levels of chemical fertilizers in the cultivation of ornamental sun flower variety Sunbright F1. ii) Measure the response of two doses of liquid Biol sunflower growing ornamental variety Sunbright F1. iii) Determine the cost benefit of the best validated treatment research. Design was a randomized complete block (RCBD) with factorial arrangement (3x2 +1). The test consisted of 7 treatments per repetition results from a combination of three doses of chemical fertilizer with two doses of biol, with absolute control. Were conducted chemical analysis of soil and biol, analysis of variance, Tukey test at 5%; main effect for factor B (Biol dose), analysis of correlation and linear regression analysis of the relationship with the best cost benefit treatment. The main results obtained in this investigation were: • The average yield of sunflower chapters in the Checa area was: 351607 Chapters / ha, in the Select category was 116 732 chapters / ha for Medium was 113,016 flowers / ha and 121859 Petit chapters / ha. • The highest yield was obtained sunflower applying 200 kg / ha of 8-20-20 formula (A1) plus 200 liters of bio in 200 liters water / ha (B2) with 345.625 chapters / ha, of which 34% were of type Select, type 36% Medium and 30% Petit type. • On average the independent variables generally increased yield were the categories with 27% Select and Medium with 31%. • Economically the best treatment was T2 (A1B2), with a net profit of $13273, 29 / ha, with a RB / C $ 1, 64 and an RI / C of 0, 64 meaning that for every dollar invested a grower makes $ 0, 64 USD