Evaluación de la produción del cultivo de romanesco brassica oleracea var. botrytis L, con la aplicacion de tres tipos de fertilizantes orgánicos con tres dosis, en Yaruqui, provincia de Pichincha

Abstract

Evaluation about production of Romanesco Brassica oleracea var. Botrytis L, using three types of organic fertilizers with three dose in Yaruquí, Pichincha ́s Province. The Romanesco is a crop belonging to the family of brassicas, like cauliflower, broccoli, cabbage, cabbage etc. This variety of cauliflower comes from Asia Minor and was brought to Spain by the Arabs. In Ecuador this crop began at the beginning of the nineties by the company Ecofroz who dedicated forty hectares to this crop in the area of Machachi. National production is estimated at an average of 18.000 kg/ha, the number of hectares allocated annually to the various farms are: Cotopaxi 30 ha, Chimborazo 15 ha, Pichincha 11 ha and Imbabura 5 ha, all of this production is destined to European and Japanese markets, leaving less than 1% for local consumption. Organic fertilizers are the most important source of supply of soil microorganisms and through them of nutrition for plants. The objectives in this study were: To evaluate the production of romanesco veronica hybrid Brassica oleracea var. Botrytis L, using three types of organic fertilizers with three dose in Yaruquí, Pichincha ́s Province. To determine which of the three types of fertilizer I influence growing romanesco. You establish that fertilization best performance is obtained. Conduct an economic analysis of the cost/benefit relationship. This research was conducted Province: Pichincha; Canton: Quito; Parish: Yaruquí and Oyambarillo sector. To determine which of the three types of fertilizer influenced the Romanesco crop production. To establish the dose of fertilization for best performance. To make an economic analysis of the benefit/cost relationship. The following experimental material was used: Veronica Romanesco- Hybrid certified seed; organic fertilizers as Vidagro (based waste product to animals); Naturvigor (cattle manure compressed more humic acids); Algasoil (product based on dried and ground seaweed). The DBCA design was used with factorial arrangement (3 x 3 + 1) with three replications. The main results were: The cultivation of hybrid romanesco veronica overall average in this town had a yield of 13 369.6 kg/ha. Romanesco growing in what refers to fertilizer had better agronomic response in the area was the A3: Algasoil (800 Kg/ha) and A1 Vidagro (960 kg/ha) with low doses. Top 76 selected for high performance in this study treatments were: T7 (A3xB1) 979.27 15 Kg/ha and T1 (A1xB1) to 15134.83 kg/ha. The components that increased performance hybrid romanesco speedwell were weight pellet; pellet diameter and plot yield in kilograms. Overall average performance which reduced by 21% was, days to harvest the crop. Finally considering from the economic point of view the best treatment was T1. With total net benefits ($/plot), higher evaluated in this research which is $ 1.82 and the benefit/cost higher: RI/C of 1.15 and RB/C 0.15 This means that for every dollar invested producer, it has a gain of $ 0.15 cents