Metodología Para El Análisis De Riesgo (sismos, Deslizamientos E Inundaciones) De La Ciudad De Guaranda.” Tema Estudio De La Vulnerabilidad Física, Ante Eventos Adversos (SISMOS, Deslizamientos, E Inundaciones), En El Sistema De Red Vial En El Área Urbana De La Ciudad De Guaranda.

Abstract

The road system being an actual international issue has a direct relationship with the organization and location of the various activities, which define a road hierarchy. In Ecuador currently exists around 43,000 Km of road networks, this close 6500 Km considered main roads and secondary roads 3700 km, the same as accounts with the service signaling, safety. The importance during times Emergency has been instrumental as through roads and routes of Ecuador did we come to help the people affected by land and adverse events which it is the means to mobilize cheaper and higher capacity. The system covers a large area, therefore is important to have information Threat from many places. The continuous and reliable service network vital and adequate mobility, currently constitute the elements to ensure basic quality of life and development opportunities (water and Sanitation Centre IRC, 2008: 8). In the city of Guaranda, should complement and coordinate with key components such as passenger and cargo terminals, signage, traffic lights, stops, parking lots, transit facilities, pedestrian areas, sidewalks, vegetation, lighting, toll basic infrastructure. Access to housing according to the 2010 census, most do down the street or cobbled, paved or concrete road (71%), followed by 15% for a paved road, namely roads they received maintenance found in certain conditions. However in the area rural, access by 44% is given by a road, trail or Chaquiñán followed 31% by a street, dirt or gravel road if conditions accessibility are better. In chapter I analyze the theoretical framework focusing on Risk General, Vulnerability, threat posed both Ecuador and the city of Guaranda at location in the Andes, its present form as to road system and the relationship with the different institutions at national level Local to improve them, a presentation on the current road situation 11Ciudad Guaranda and regulations at a national level based on the Legislation and the National Plan for Good Living. In Chapter II we will focus to design a kind of methodological research no experimental through a historical analysis - geographic, heuristic analysis and mapping vulnerabilities and thematic maps, with mode field research in cross time, collection and systematization primary information, interview stakeholders, meetings, field observation, and a review and systematization of information secondary. Chapter III deals with the analysis and presentation of results, along with checking the hypothesis through the variables, having to by the geographical location Guaranda city is vulnerable to seismic events, flooding and landslides according to the code of the Constitution of 2002. It is also noteworthy that most of the road system of Guaranda are no regulatory structure settled in unsuitable soils, supported by methodologies developed by the Secretariat National Risk Management and Programme of the United Nations Development (SNGR-PNU, 2012), which part of the physical characteristics of the buildings, based on the information available from the municipal land registry of GAD. In Chapter IV we will focus primarily on the Proposal through a "REDUCTION PROGRAM PHYSICAL VULNERABILITY OF THE WAY URBAN IN CRITICAL SITES CITY GUARANDA "with planning strategies creating commitments, coordination and cooperation both Local institutions such as the Risk Management System at national level, forming a culture of control and care for the signaling pathways for work on risk management at the local level. Therefore, this is a process of adjustment and theoretical calibration for which the study of a city as complex as Guaranda it will be critical and strategy for application is part of a set of structured projects in line research for the prevention and timely actions against threats and disasters It is susceptible to the general population.