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    Study Of The Antibacterial Activity Of Extracts And Oil Of Uvilla (Physalis Peruviana L) On Strains Of Escherichia Coli, Salmonella Spp And Arcobacter Spp In Ecuador
    (Universidad Estatal de Bolívar, 2021-11-07) Bayas Morejón, Favian; Ramón Curay, Riveliño; Beltrán Moso, Katherin; Moso Ortiz, Mary
    Resistance of pathogenic bacteria to multiple antimicrobials has become a global threat to health and food safety. This research determined the antimicrobial activity of extracts and oils of Physalis peruviana, where it was established as study factors: extracts of parts of the plant (leaves and stem) and oils of the uvilla berry (using soxhlet); for antimicrobial activity, Escherichia, Salmonella and Arcobacter strains belonging to the microorganism bank of the State University of Bolivar were used. After the analysis, the stem extract showed a better inhibitory effect against Escherichia coli strains with a halo diameter of 14,67 mm, a value very close to that produced by streptomycin and penicillin; with respect to the Salmonella strains, the best effect was presented by the oil of the Physalis peruviana berry with 14 mm, in this case, the antibiotics for clinical use presented values greater than 20 mm. Finally, for Arcobacter the results were not encouraging, being only the extract of the leaves the one that presented activity of 3,5 mm, well below that established to be considered an antibiotic agent. Therefore, it is concluded that the analyzed uvilla extracts and oils are effective against γ proteo bacteria, but not against ε proteo bacteria.
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    Susceptibility analysis of Arcobacter isolated from fresh cheeses from municipal markets to fluoroquinolones in Guaranda City, Ecuador.
    (Universidad Estatal de Bolívar, 2022-04-01) Bayas Morejón , Favian; Ramón Curay, Riveliño; Segura Ochoa, Jagger; Martínez, Jenny
    Some species of the Arcobacter genus are considered emerging foodborne enteropathogens. However, the presence of this bacterium in cheese is little known. On the other hand, quinolones are considered first-line drugs for the treatment of campylobacter infection in human patients, but currently little data is available on the levels of resistance to these antibiotics among Arcobacter species. Thus, the objective of this study was to analyze the susceptibility of Arcobacter spp. isolated from 100 fresh cheeses, obtained from the municipal markets to Fluoroquinolones in Guaranda City, Ecuador. By culture, 47 out of the 100 cheese samples were positive with a total of 66 isolates. By PCR, the number of positive samples was reduced to 21 with 26 isolates. With respect to antimicrobial activity, 2 isolates showed resistance to Levofloxacin (7.69%) and 6 to Ciprofloxacin (23.08%). Nineteen strains exhibited intermediate resistance to Levofloxacin and 10 to Ciprofloxacin. This study is the first report on the presence of pathogenic species of Arcobacter spp. in fresh cheeses in Ecuador, which could act as a vehicle for transmission to humans and pose a potential risk to public health.