Browsing by Author "Yánez Barragán, Ninfa Geovanna"

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    Factores ergonómicos y su relación con trastornos musculoesqueléticos en el personal de enfermería en América Latina
    (Universidad Estatal de Bolívar; Maestría en Salud P{ublica, 2025-02-07) Yánez Barragán, Ninfa Geovanna; Pilco Toscano, Cynthia Elizabeth
    Este estudio analiza los factores ergonómicos que contribuyen al desarrollo de trastornos musculoesqueléticos (TME) en el personal de enfermería en América Latina, a través de una revisión bibliográfica sistemática que abarca investigaciones publicadas entre 2020 y 2024 en bases de datos como PubMed, Scopus y SciELO. Se identificaron como principales riesgos la movilización manual de pacientes, las posturas incómodas prolongadas y los movimientos repetitivos, vinculados a una alta prevalencia de TME en regiones como la zona lumbar, cervical y las extremidades superiores. Los resultados evidencian que estas afecciones son consecuencia directa de la alta carga física asociada al trabajo de enfermería. Así mismo, se identificaron estrategias preventivas efectivas, entre ellas la capacitación en técnicas ergonómicas, el uso de dispositivos de asistencia y la introducción de pausas regulares durante las jornadas laborales. Sin embargo, las limitaciones de recursos en hospitales, particularmente en áreas rurales, constituyen un obstáculo significativo para la implementación de estas medidas. El estudio concluye que la prevención de los TME requiere intervenciones ergonómicas sostenibles, que incluyan un diseño adecuado de los entornos laborales, capacitación continua y provisión de equipos especializados. Estas acciones no solo reducirían la incidencia de TME, sino que también contribuirían a mejorar la calidad de vida del personal de enfermería, optimizarían la atención al paciente y fortalecerían la eficiencia de los sistemas de salud en la región.
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    Rol de la enfermera en la atención del adulto mayor en relación a la depresiòn, en los ancianos que habitan en el hogar “Atalaya”, del cantón Chillanes durante el periodo de noviembre del 2010 a marzo del 2011.
    (Universidad Estatal de Bolívar. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y del Ser Humano. Escuela de Enfermería, 2011) Sisa Zaruma, Myrian Alexandra; Yánez Barragán, Ninfa Geovanna; Ramírez Morocho, María Verònica; Guerra., Patricia
    The decline of the human being is a natural pro¬ceso that occurs throughout the life cycle but not all people age in the same way. Scientific evi¬dencia describes the quality of life and function in old age, are directly related to mind-and pri¬vaciones opportunities have been taken during childhood, adolescence and adulthood. Old age is presented as a social phenomenon constantly advancing and irreversible silently invading all areas of the overall structure of society. Currently 340 million people suffer from depression in the world (it is estimated that between 2 and 4% of the general population suffers from this disorder). Worldwide, the incidence of this disease is up to two times higher in women than in men. Depression is the leading cause of disability in mental disorders, and it is estimated that in 2020 will become the second leading cause of disability and death, surpassed only by cardiovascular diseases. The World Health Organization puts the incidence of depression (clinically diagnosable) among the population of the more developed countries by 15%. Its expansion and incidence are increasing in all age groups, especially among the young. It is estimated that the personal burden of depressive symptoms with a duration of 6-8 months is more severe and disabling than diabetes mellitus and hypertension. It is wrong to believe that it is normal for the elderly become depressed. Depression in the elderly, if not diagnosed or cause unnecessary suffering to the senescent and his family is. The underlying depression in the elderly are increasingly identified and treated by mental health professionals. Depressive disorders are the most common mental disorders, although the incidence and prevalence figures found in the different studies vary depending on the methodology used. The rate of depression is higher in older people. It is estimated that 15% of people over age 65 suffer from depression, showing a clear correlation with the fact of living alone. In geriatric age, the feeling of hopelessness and depressive syndrome appear more frequently in men, an issue which is due to the differences arising at this stage of their lives in relation to earlier stages, and are not treated equally in their homes ( regarding respect, affection, cuddling); their participation in decision-making decreases significantly, they complain about their lack of authority; the regime of forced inactivity which generates frustration, accelerating the aging physical and emotional and intellectual impairment; retirement, which in itself fundamentally reduces the economic capacity and social contact. The low level of education undoubtedly has a negative effect when it comes to looking good solutions to the problems engendered by everyday life, and therefore, the frustration of not being able to understand and / or dominate the environment generates depression in the elderly, that manages to adapt with difficulty to the demands of today's world or fails to do so, often enhanced by their low level of education, more pronounced in our older women affected by the discrimination to which they were subjected at this stage. Those seniors who make our research are at a sensitive time to be traveled, mostly to work activity that causes a change in socioeconomic status, personal and family for the elderly, related to the adapt to their new home means starting a life of boredom, lacking goals and objectives, which leads to isolation, monotony, deepening economic hardship, generated in the old feelings of worthlessness and helplessness, existential emptiness. As part of our research it is divided as follows: Chapter I: Comprised of the theoretical framework, which includes the General Household where we will conduct the investigation, Rights of the Elderly, Nurse's Role, Depression and its classification, in which our research is based. Chapter II: research methodology is approached through the same which is descriptive, transversal and retrospective developed. Chapter III: This chapter analyzes the results, report the observation guide, conclusions and recommendations of the research topic is presented. Chapter IV: Proposal Development Workshop Occupational Therapy aimed at the Elderly Home "Atalaya" to improve their mood.