Medicina Veterinaria y Zootécnica.

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Evaluación del rendimiento de cerdos del cruce Landrace Pietrain utilizando cuatro dosis de Zeranol en la etapa de Crecimiento–Engorde Cantón Guaranda Provincia Bolívar
(Universidad Estatal de Bolívar. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias . Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, 2008) Mayorga Camacho, Edison Javier; Cordova, Fredy; Aldaz Cardenas, Jaime Wilfrido
In the pig program of the Medicine School Veterinaria and Zootecnia of the State University of Bolivar; located to 2840msm, in the sector of Laguacoto 2 km ½ via a San Simon, Guaranda corner province Bolivar; an investigation with the purpose was made of evaluating the yield of pigs using Zeramec in the stage fattening growth. The experimental work lasted of 120 days, were used 16 pigs of the crossing Landrace + Pietrain of 60 days of age and 23Kg of weight, distributed in 4 experimental units and 4 treatments: T1 (0ml/33kg), T2 (0.40ml/33Kg), T3 (0.8ml/33kg) and T4 (1.20ml/33Kg). I am applied a design completely at random, the test of Ducan for the separation of averages, each treatment had 4 repetitions. The biological behavior of pigs of the Landrace crossing - Pietrain as opposed to the use of different doses from Zeramec was not satisfactory in all the analyzed variables. The initial weight of the animals in average was 23Kg; the best weights were distributed of the following way; in the first 7, 14, 21 and 28 days were for the T4 treatment (1.20ml/33Kg) with 25.75Kg, 28.5Kg, 31.5Kg and 34Kg respectively; to the 35, 42, 49, 56, 64, 71 and 78 days were for the T2 treatment (0.40ml/33Kg) with: 37.25Kg, 40.75Kg, 45kg, 49,25, 52.5Kg, 56.5kg and 60 .5Kg in its order; to start off of the 85, 92, 99, 106 and 113 days it returns to be the T4 treatment that would prevail with values of 66.5Kg, 71.5Kg, 76Kg, 79.75Kg and 84Kg respectively, but contradictorily finished being treatment T3 (0.80ml/33Kg) the one that greater weight reached with 85.5Kg. The gain of weight I do not demonstrate difference, to the 7 days was for treatment T3 (0.80ml/33Kg) with 2.5Kg; to the 14 days for the T4 treatment (1.20ml/33Kg) with 2.75Kg; for days 21, 28, and 35 were for the T2 treatment (0.40ml/33Kg) with 3.75Kg, 3.5Kg and 3.5Kg respectively, for the 42 days prevails treatment T3 with 3.75Kg, to the 49 days is the treatment t2 with 4.25Kg, to 56días for treatment T3 with 4,75, for the 64 days is the T2 treatment with 3.25Kg, for days 71, 78 and 85 correspond to the T4 treatment with 4,75, 6,75 and 6.75Kg in their order, days 92 and 99 for the T2 treatment with 5,75 and 5.25Kg; for days 106 and 113 for the treatment witness T1 (0ml/33Kg) with 4.75Kg and 5.75Kg; and when finalizing the investigation was again the treatment T3 that surpassed to the other treatments with 4.5Kg The most efficient nutritious conversion was reflected in the T4 in the days 14 with 1.37, up-to-date 28 the T3 with a nutritious conversion of 1.56; while for the day 42 the treatment T1 had a value of 1.73. A day 56 and 71 sample a significant statistical difference, the T4 shows better nutritious conversion respectively with 1.73 and 1.80; for the T3 to the 85 days with 1.91 sample better nutritious conversion. A days 99 the T4 is the one that has better nutritious conversion with 1.93; to the 106 days of the experiment it was appreciated that the treatment witness (T1), it shows better nutritious conversion with a value of 1.85. When concluding the investigation 120 days the T3 he/she has better nutritious conversion with 1.92, although I only overcome to the treatment T2 with 1.95. For the conversion total alimenticia one can notice an almost similar behavior in the treatments T1, T3 and T4, nevertheless the treatment T3 reflection a nutritious expense of 1.81Kg to produce 1 Kg of weight. The economic evaluation, reported bigger expense the treatment T4 ($651.25res with a loss of - $118.05es, that of smaller investment was for the treatment witness with $611.25 and a loss of - $78.05. The relationship benefits cost it was not good in any treatment. As final recommendation can be indicated the use possible of 0.8ml/33Kg of zeramec to improve the yield of the weight to the channel but as long as is used jointly it with you indent nutritional alternatives stops of this form lower the price of the production cost.
Evaluación de diferentes dosis de Ronozyme VP (CT) en el desarrollo productivo de pollos broiler en el cantón Chimbo
(Universidad Estatal de Bolívar. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias . Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, 2008) Ponce Cepeda, Edison Vicente; Guillin, Rodrigo
In recent decades chicken meat has been standing at a place of preference for consumption. And in our country specifically, however, that he suffered a difficult process for acceptance, it has now become one of the most dynamic economic activities in the agricultural sector. Poultry production has contributed significantly in providing animal protein way, helping to solve a serious problem that affects human survival, the hungry! "In the most recent report by the FAO, world production of chicken 59.8 million tons was recorded. Of the total, 12% was for export, while the rest took care to meet the needs of the domestic market in each country. USDA (United States Department of Agriculture) The main producers of chicken are USA with 24% of world production, followed by China with 16%, Brazil with 10% and Mexico with 3%, ranking fourth as a world producer. " "In Ecuador, the annual consumption is 22 kilos per chicken. The supply of chicken meat increased from 250000-283000 tons per year in two years, fueled by higher consumption of the product in the country. Despite the economic situation faced by the agricultural sector due to the financial crisis of 1999, the poultry industry has experienced since 2000 a sustained growth of 12% per annum; which ranks as the fastest growing activity in the sector. According to figures from the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock, poultry population in the country increased from 108 million in 2000 to 161 million in 2004. This represents an increase of 49%. Meanwhile, between 2002 and last year the production of poultry meat increased from 250 000 to 283 000 metric tons. The figures are the result of changes in consumer habits of Ecuadorians, who by price and nutritional characteristics now consume more chicken. In 2002, each inhabitant consumed an average of 18 kilograms of chicken meat per year; in 2004, the figure rose to 22 kilograms. Sector productivity has a weight of 10% of the agricultural gross domestic product (GDP), according to the Central Bank; ie 188.38 million dollars "(Posted on 18/07/2005 - Source: The Universe - Ecuador). The poultry farm in Bolivar Province has not had such an important development as has been observed elsewhere in the country, however there. Although a large percentage are family-micro without adequate financial resources and therefore no technological resources.
Determinación de parásitos en pescados mas comercializados, en los mercados 10 de noviembre y 24 de mayo (bellavista), ubicado en el cantón Guaranda, provincia Bolivar.
(Universidad Estatal de Bolívar. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias . Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, 2008) Ulloa Ulloa, Lourdes Anita; Carrasco Mancero, Washington
This research aims at identifying parasites in most traded in markets November 10 and May 24 (Bellavista), located in the canton Guaranda, Bolivar province fish; using comparative analysis and exhibited works in other countries. The study divided into four 256 fish species managed: Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) 25%, Lisa (Mugil aphalus) 25%; Guanchiche (Hoplias microlepis) 25% Catfish (Hexanematichthys sp) 25%. The analysis and results in laboratories demonstrate a total parasitism of 66.40%, indicating its prevalence is high by zoo hygienic existing measures in fisheries, transport and sale. Importantly, the prevalence of protozoa and nematodes on reaching acanthocephalan 59.37%, followed by a 26.56% and 14.07%. Of the 256 fish Lisa mention the parasites of fish 90.6%, 82.8% guanchiche, Catfish Tilapia 72% and 20.3%. Saying that due to the existing unhealthy in some lakes, lagoons and rivers parasitism is not specific in certain fish species causing damage but is generally in the same animals and consumers. It states that both their weight, gender, age or length has no effect for invasive action of these living organisms and their host tissue damage. In general, both in the market as Bellavista May 24 it can be seen that as the hours pass without refrigeration and outdoor these affect a greater extent than those with cooling prevalent parasitic infestations and development in a high degree. Ronozyme doses VP (CT) applied to chickens objects of this research, did not influence feed conversion of birds. The total mortality rate reported in this study was 0.89%, was within the parameters of acceptability in a poultry farm; which it shows us that is not directly related to the administration or not Ronozyme VP (CT). The best cost benefit was directly proportional to the enzyme using VP Ronozyme (CT); overall average of T2 to T5 are reported RB / C 1.17; the use of the enzyme is profitable for poultry
El rol de la mujer en la producción pecuaria en la comuna de Santa Rosa de totoras parroquia Santiago, cantón San Miguel, provincia Bolívar
(Universidad Estatal de Bolívar. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias . Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, 2009) Martínez Moreira, Jenny; Yánez, Rodrigo
This research was made in the Comuna de Santa Rosa de Totoras parish of Santiago Canton San Miguel province of Bolivar. This research has the objectives do to identify livestock activities that women in the production unit”sand the commune, to stablisish tasks performed by women for his family, to stablisish female participation in the organization. This research has been done specifically to women (mothers) living in the community of Santa Rosa de Totoras, developed in two ports: field work and office, which was primary and secondary information was applied or a d formal survey, the variables investigated were: social variables, livestock economics. Statistical analysis was performed with frequencies, percentages, averages. The most notable were: 100% of women are responsible for food preparation, cariny children, housework, in addition to the care and feeding of livestock. The woman of the community has a stake in the directive of 32.26% whereas 67.74% did not participate in that organization, but it is part of the assembly and management of the school for their children at greater percentage. The families in this sector have many sheeps in percentage 88.71%, followed by 79.03% in cattle. Caring and grazing of animals is done by the husband at 4.84%, 58.10% of the wife, husband and wife 11.29%, 4.84% of the children, the mother and 8.06% and 12.90% children the all family. In the commune there is no a lot of diseases, it might be because this community is far from others, there is no transmission of disease, it presents problems with climate change, where are the rains, wind low temperatures, and so on.
Determinación de cenurosis en conejos (oryctolagus cuniculus) en la zona urbana del cantón San Miguel, provincia Bolívar
(Universidad Estatal de Bolívar. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias . Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootécnia, 2009) Carrasco Sangache, Verónica Lourdes; Carrasco Mancero, Washington Rolando
Research on determining cenurosis in rabbits development in six sectors with a total of 19 owners of San Miguel Canton Province Bolivar in which I was working with a total of 120 rabbits of different ages, as well as mixed races, both male and females aged 3-12 months. It was determined that two (guabuloma and May 24) of the six sectors studied the presence of subcutaneous cenuros so we can state that in the canton San Miguel if there rabbits infested with cenurosis found. Of the 19 study sites in four of them we noted the presence of cenuros. Importantly, the presence of the parasite is in relation to the consumption of food contaminated with tapeworm eggs multiceps whose reservoirs are in this case the pets (dogs) who do not receive proper deworming therefore in all cases the manure Pets are thrown into the grass as mulch there is an enabling environment for contamination through the grass, why tapeworm multiceps fulfills its evolutionary cycle when these animals by humans are consumed and cenuros are consumed by dogs. In areas where the presence of the disease was determined it was determined that animals both rabbits and dogs do not get any technical advice so that their animals do not receive medical care there that blind do not get some kind of parasite, moreover have high inbreeding because females are covered by their own children, parents or siblings
Determinación del momento óptimo del celo para la inseminación artificial en las hembras equinas de la hacienda San Antonio (espe), provincia de Santo Domingo de los Tsachilas
(Universidad Estatal de Bolívar. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias . Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, 2009) Caspi Pilamunga, Luis Marcelo; Calderón Tobar, Ángela
This investigation was carried out in the country property San Antonio "ESPE", located in the Km. 38 ½ road to Quevedo, belonging to the Parish Luz from America, Sacred Canton Domingo, County Saint Domingo of the Tsachilas, to 234 m.s.n.m, with a minimum temperature of 18O C. and a maxim of 25O C, with a precipitation averages yearly of 3000 - 4000 mm and an annual heliofanía of 72, 75 hours light / year, where they thought about the following objectives:
Introducción y evaluación de gramíneas en la comunidad Monoloma, cantón Guaranda, provincia Bolívar
(Universidad Estatal de Bolívar . Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias . Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, 2009) Chanahuano Yanchaliquin, Walther; Araceli, Lucio
The grasses level world pasture ground for cows has a direct contribution with the land and cattle development as food source that falls positively in the security and alimentary sovereignty. The more cheap source for the animal nutrition is a fited mixes shako guard. This study permited evaluate the agronomical characteristics and seven treatments pastures in the land zone ecologic of Monoloma with a conditional for the establishment of tropical pastures. This investigation is been accomplished in the Monoloma community, San Luís de Pambil, canton Guaranda, Bolivar province. The experimental place abides by a height of 1000 m with a temperature It is half over annual of 22,3 oC and a precipitation of 1.630 mm. It is used a blocks of experimental design complete at random with seven treatments and four replications. The evaluated treatments went: T1: Pasto Estrella; T2: Pasto Mulato; T3: Pasto Gordura; T4: Pasto Signal; T5: Pasto Guinea; T6: Pasto Brizantha and T7: Pasto Buffel (control). It is been accomplished chemical parsing of the soil; variance parsing correlation parsing and linear regression; test of Tukey to the 5 % and proximal nutritional test. In function of the results are concluded: Ü The answer of seven o'clock gramíneas in report to the variable evaluated in the land zone ecologic of Monoloma went differently by the effect of the genotipo interaction ambient. Ü The yield is half over more high of MV in the land zone ecologic of Monoloma is registered in the treatment T6: Pasto Brizantha with 40.875 Kg./ha; follow of the T4: Pasto Signal with 34.750 Kg./ha of MV/cuts. Ü The contents more high of humidity is registered in the Pasto Buffel with 81,18% and Fibre with the 35, 72%; Moderate major of ashes went to the Pasto Mulato pasturing with the 13, 56 % and of fats with the 3,16%. More high protein is evaluated in Pasto Estrella with the 20, 38%. Moderate major of carbon hydrates in the signal pasturing with 43,89%. Ü In report to the proximal nutritional test, all the evaluated pasturing has possessions indicators of nutritional quality able for the animal feeding; especially the Pasto Estrella for its high protein content that this of the 20,38%. Ü The land zone ecologic of Monoloma, presented the bioclimatic characteristics and edaphic adequate for validation of seven griminess. Ü The variable independent that increased the production of MV, went the number from the plants/m2; the high from the plants and the weight of MV. Ü The variable independent that redujo the production of MV, went the major macollos number/plant. Ü Finally this investigation, permitted select pasturing with well characteristic agronomical and nutritional to bettering the pasture productivity in the land zone ecologic of Monoloma
Reproducción vegetativa del pasto maralfalfa (pennisetum sp) y su respuesta a la fertilización química y orgánica en la granja Laguacoto II, Cantón Guaranda, Provincia Bolívar.
(Universidad Estatal de Bolívar. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias Recursos Naturales y del Ambiente. Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, 2009) Avalos Espinoza, Daniela Paola; Aracely Beatriz, Lucio Quintana
The pasture production represents a 47% of the total of the existent hectares in the entire globe. In the Equator is cultivated approximately 1'939.900 has of pasturing in the cost, high lands and orients. However it doesn’t have statistics of the cultured surface of the pastures Maralfalfa. The importance of this pasturing takes root in the great productivity and quality nutritional with a protein middle contents in this study of the 16, 98 %, confirms the news of various authors of a 17 % of protein. This investigation is been accomplished in the Farm Laguacoto II, placed to a high of 2640 m., with a middle temperature of 14, 7ºC and an annual mean precipitation of 860 mm. The soil is in clayey frank type, a pH of 5, 80, and low 2,50% M.O.
Evaluación de la fertilidad del semen canino fresco y congelado, en un perro de raza Pitbull Terrier, utilizando 3 diluyentes en la clínica veterinaria los Andes en Quito
(Universidad Estatal de Bolívar . Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias . Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, 2011) Altamirano Chiriboga, Lenin Santiago; Pereira Castro, Paulina Alexandra; Calderon, Angela
The current investigation was done in Magdalena at the Clinic Veterinary “Los Andes”. The principal goal or target was to evaluate the milk UHT and Tris against to Dog Semen Diluent as the dilute and its viavility in insemination and establish witch dilute offer the best results with the semen ́s conservation. Was used 8 samples of canine ́s semen without dilute from a reproductive male of breed American Pitbull Terrier with five years. The sperm canine samples was subjected to analysis macro and microscopic with the purpose to establish the sample quality. Evaluating the dilutes ending 72 hours the dilute Dog Semen Diluent preserved neutral pH, a viable of 92.01%; sperm motility of 82.95% and sperm mortality of 8.13% while the Milk descream UHT dilute doesn ́t lift sperm viable and it ́s place in 80.44% of viable cells; an sperm motility of 75.68% and sperm mortality of 20.28%. the Tris (hidroximetil)aminometano + acido cítrico dilute neither lift sperm viable and it ́s place 73.01% of viable cells; an sperm motility of 76.98% and sperm mortality of 26.61%. Because the cost-benefit is recommended to use the commercial diluent Dog Semen Diluent (Canine Pro), not to represent a substantial cost increase and maintain optimal parameters for the use of the sample
Evaluación de la producción de cuyes utilizando un suplemento vitamínico mineral (Pecutrin Saborizado) en cuatro dosis en base al afrecho de trigo en la etapa de crecimiento- engorde en Cochabamba, cantón Chimbo
(Universidad Estatal de Bolívar . Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias . Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, 2011) Peñaherrera Gaibor, Dennis Mauricio; Sierra, Manuel
This research was conducted on the premises, Cochabamba guinea pigs in the barn on the farm the "Chulito", located at 2880 m, belonging to Magdalene Place, Canton Chimbo, Bolivar Province, where we evaluated the use of vitamin-mineral supplement Pecutrin Flavored, added to wheat bran in four doses: 0%, 1%, 2% and 3% in the feeding of male guinea-line Peruvian Enhanced in the growth phase-fattening. § In this study we used 60 male guinea pigs 15 days old with an average weight of 278 g divided into four treatments of three replications with 5 pigs per experimental unit where the following three objectives: Evaluate the effect of four doses of Pecutrin Flavored on weight gain in Peruvian guinea pig line Enhanced. § Perform an economic analysis of partial budget and marginal rate of return. Experimental Design We used a randomized complete block. Feeding the animals under study was previously oread forage alfalfa twice a day morning and afternoon, but wheat bran to their respective Flavored Pecutrin dose for each treatment and 0% T1, T2 1%, 2% T3 and T4 Pecutrin 3%, plus fresh water was supplied to all treatments, there was the waste of alfalfa and bran that during the 90 days of the experiment. The results obtained in this research were: Using Flavored Pecutrin 3% added to wheat bran in the diet of the Peruvian guinea pigs had the highest Improved weight gain with 1385g at 90 days of the experiment. The highest mortality occurred in the control treatment to 3.32%. The economic evaluation reported increased spending in the T1 to $ 9.63 per animal to $ 9.10 for T4
Evaluación nutricional del hato lechero mediante el nivel de nitrógeno ureico en leche (nul) de la empresa “Aychapicho Agros S.A.”, en la parroquia Aloag
(Universidad Estatal de Bolívar . Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias . Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, 2011) Gaguancela Sañaicela, Segundo Luis; Cordero, Franco
This investigation you carries out in the Treasury AYCHAPICHO AGROS S.A. Property of the Ecuadorian army located in the parish of Aloag of the canton Mejía in the county of Pichincha and the laboratory of I Diagnose Veterinary ANIMALAB of the Dr. Hernán Calderón located in the city of Machachi. The main objective was to evaluate the cluster milkman nutritionally by means of the level of nitrogen ureico in milk and to determine the concentration of nitrogen ureico in the milk and its implication in the economic analysis in the relationship cost / benefit. For this effect one carries out a sampling during a cycle of shepherding of 45 days, taking every day a sample in a recipient of 250 ml, collection after having finished the I milk to the 7 am and directly of the cooling tank, later on they were taken directly to the laboratory. The total production of milk/day average of each one of the 45 days of evaluation was of 4160.14 liters with a standard deviation of 150.85, the daily minimum total production it was of 3774.00 liters, while the maximum production reached the 4534.00 liters. The color of the milk in each one of the 45 evaluated samples was white opalescent, color considered as normal, hundred percent of the samples of the milk presents an aromatic scent, because it is the scent coming from the recently milked milk, the flavor of the milk in the evaluations settled down in the 45 days it was sweet by hundred percent. The pH of the 45 samples presents an average of 6.38, with a standard deviation of 0.09. The minimum value was of 6.20, while the maximum value was of 6.60 of pH, therefore it can show that it is a sour milk with tendency to be neuter. 103 The didn't show a relationship the enters in content of the nitrogen in the samples of milk with the pH of these same samples then you grieve the coefficient of determination it was of r2 = 0.01. The 45 daily samples of milk after their respective analysis, they present an average of the content of nitrogen of 18.71 with a standard deviation of 2.04, the smallest value in the nitrogen content in the milk it was of 15.26, while their biggest value reached the content of 23.21. When comparing the different ones you mix forrajeras on the nitrogen content in the milk, it can show in general terms that the biggest contents corresponded when the cows consumed mixtures with the presence of leguminous. The biggest averages corresponded Kikuyo 40% + raygras 20% + clover 40%; Raygras 60% + Clover 30% + kikuyo 10%; and, I Pasture blue 80% + clover 20% that you/they achieved a content of superior nitrogen at 20.5 and they are occupying the first range by means of the test from Duncan to 5%, while the contents smaller than nitrogen in the milk you presents when he/she wasted away the mixtures forrajeras that have exclusively gramineous as Kikuyo 70% + raygras 30% and Kikuyo 80% + raygras 20% and they are occupying the last places of the second range. When establishing the relationship among the age expressed in months with the number of childbirths he/she was a coefficient of correlation of r = 0.81 * *, high and significant coefficient at the level of 1%, The biggest variability in the age you presents in the first childbirth inside a frequency of 70 cows, because he/she met an age average to the first childbirth of 46.16 months with a standard deviation of 21.38 months and a minimum of 21.21 months and a maximum of 116.55 months. Inside each childbirth the biggest percentage of cows in general terms presents a good corporal condition with percentages of 14.93, 13.43, 12.44, 7.96 and 5.47% for the childbirths 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 respectively, it continues him the very good corporal condition with percentages of 7.96, 11.44, 4.48, 5.97 and 3.98% for the 104 childbirths 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively, but you grieve a single cow I present an excellent corporal condition The sanitary state of the cows inside the Treasury Aychapicho was good inside each one of the childbirths, reaching the bigger percentages of 25.50, 26.50 16.70 and 15.20% in the first one, second, third and quarter, respectively Due to the drop production of the animals the gross benefit is low of 52417.76, and when relating with the costs, it is appreciated that a lost one was obtained
Estudio de la producción lechera bovina en la parroquia Simiatug provincia de Bolívar
(Universidad Estatal de Bolívar . Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias . Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, 2011) Chisag Talahua, Luis Desiderio; Yánez, Rodrigo
The present investigation was developed in the Rural Parish of Simiatug, Canton Guaranda, County of Bolívar, presents a Latitude of 78o58', and a Longitude of 01o57'45 '' S, is 3500 m.s.n.m, he/she has an annual half temperature from 12 to 14O C., with a Precipitation I average yearly of 800 mm/years, and the relative Humidity is of 75 (%), in which you/they thought about the following objectives: - To characterize the productive and reproductive parameters in the aria. - To determine the factors that limits the production milkmaid. - To establish the technologies used in the milky production of the area. The works of the field had a duration of 90 days, time in the one that was made the poll elaboration and correction of the survey format and the rising of the primary information, these activities, they had the collaboration of the members, to the communities selected he/she was also carried out a training in topics related with the application from the survey to the 119 producing of bovine milk corresponding to the following cheesemakers: Simiateñita, Sacred Domingo, Arch Iris (Talahua), Bowling. The results that it was obtained of this investigation work they were: The population analyzed study presently 37% of illiteracy was identified. The biggest genetic group of animals in these sectors the Creole was identified with a (92%). The system of handling of the pastorals in 96% went to the shepherding and they use monocultivos in 93% and you grieve 28% they carry out mixtures foragers. The reproduction system that is used in the four areas is the it mounts natural. 95 The application of medications antihelmínticos to combat the parasitic illnesses in the different communities carries out it through injections. The revenues for the commercialization of the milk are evident in the four study areas, being in more proportion in the Bowling, thanks to the biggest production average, I didn't seize in Simiateñita
Caracterización de la producción de cuyes para la comercialización asociativa en la asociación “Pakusumi” de la parroquia Pasa de la provincia de Tungurahua
(Universidad Estatal de Bolívar . Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias . Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, 2011) Tuapanta Yánez, Richart Alfredo; Lucio, Araceli
The exploitation of guinea pigs in Ecuador is an activity that has been rising for many years by the inclusion of new breeding lines and modernization of many exploitation either at the initiative of those involved and with the involvement of many public and private. This research is performed for the purpose of making a study of guinea pig production in association PAKUSUMI, an association dedicated to agricultural production, with the need to improve their final product standardizing production parameters with the local market and so make guinea pigs produced are accepted by consumers. This document has results of a survey of the association Pakusumi related to the type of guinea pig production to handle, among the most important results in the production area of the guinea pigs are the following: We found that 79.69% of the partners handle the guinea pigs in a time of more than ten years, some have even grown up taking home a guinea pig farm gives us a rudimentary idea of the experience people have with these animals. Furthermore, the 86.06% of the members raised the guinea pigs but not sold on the contrary, used for consumption, only the fat remaining 10.94% to market in its sector, created a partnership with a larger number of partners producers to market would have more chances of finding a market for their product. On the other hand has long been implementing technical talks by many institutions dealing with issues of production, reproduction, health and management, guinea pigs, so adding the marketing issues and give them a better view as to the association explaining the advantages to being able to market their guinea pigs would be achieved economically well recognized that this is an income for their households. Another issue that is the type of treatment facilities in which guinea pigs produced by observing that 100% of the partners remain the guinea pigs in their homes thus preventing proper classification and technical management. The type of food is another factor that was discussed, noting that the food supplied in all cases come from their quarries at that lower production costs, but provide food on the floor leading to it are prone to disease and infestation of parasites and the disinfection and disease control are not adequate. Finally it is important the willingness to have most of the partners to expand production of guinea pigs taking it to a commercial level, including breeding lines, implementation of appropriate facilities and improvement in health management, by organizing training and technical support institutions will improve its economic situation
Diagnóstico y tratamiento de parásitos intestinales en pericos australianos en la ciudad de Ambato
(Universidad Estatal de Bolívar . Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias . Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, 2011) Silva Lavid, Manuel Arturo; Yánez, Danilo
An descriptive, qualitative and experimental study was conducted to determine the intestinal PRESENTATION parasitosd in budgies and treatment in Floreana 02-12 and Sucre streets in clinical labotario "San Francisco" located in the downtown area of the city of Ambato, Tungurahua province, the study site has a latitude of 1 ° 14 '43.74 "S and longitude 78 ° 37' 54.82" W, and is located at an altitude of 2615 m, s, n, m, with a temperature annual average of 16 ° C; an average annual rainfall of 100 -200 mm. In which the following objectives: Diagnose and treat intestinal parasites in budgies in the city of Ambato Indentficar major intestinal parasites in budgies through McMaster technique and direct method. Apply specific antiparasitic according to laboratory results. Validate antiparasitic treatments applied to budgies
Evaluación del trigo y cebada y sus mejores mezclas con quinua y amaranto al utilizar al cerdo en el periodo de crecimiento como modelo biológico para traspolar los resultados en la alimentación humana
(Universidad Estatal de Bolívar . Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias . Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, 2011) Estrada García, Nelly Margot; Espín Núñez, Heidi Gabriela; Calderón, Ángela
In Ecuador, food insecurity is a concern, especially in the rural sector, and even more in indigenous communities, among other reasons, the historical process of social, geographical and relegation of development initiatives. Cereals have been one of the cornerstones of power of different civilizations throughout history. In this research because of its similarity to the man in the digestive physiology, to test the protein enrichment with quinoa and amaranth, barley and wheat in the development of pan roasted the pig was used as a biological model, the same that took held in La Granja Experimental Laguacoto I, Program Pigs owned by Bolivar State University, 79 located at Km 1 via Guaranda - San Simon. In which 18 males were used crossing pigs (Landrace - Yorck), average live weight of 20.77 + -5.7 kg., By design Randomized complete block (RCBD) with six treatments: T1 ( 100% Barley heated), T2 (80% + 20% Barley Quinoa heated) T3 (90% + 10% Barley Amaranth heated), T4 (100% wheat), T5 (70% Wheat + 30% Quinoa), T6 (70 % Wheat + 30% quinoa) and three replicates each, the comparisons were made analysis of variance, Duncan test at 5% average to compare treatment and correlation and regression analysis. Fortification with quinoa and amaranth protein in wheat and barley if it had a positive impact on weight gain and growth of pigs and that better results were obtained with this enrichment, in particular the T2 (80% barley + 20% quinoa), which was Best in Body Weight, Gain Weight, Growth, Size Femur, contrary to T4 (100% wheat), without protein fortification, was the worst in these parameters. In the FCR, there was no significant difference between treatments in relation to backfat thickness T3 (90% barley + 10% amaranth) was the best as he won only 11.67mm backfat thickness during the experimentation, which means you get more lean meat such power, and finally the results of blood count and blood chemistry had no negative effect on animal body and which remained in the normal range, giving relevant cholesterol and triglycerides were significantly decreased while maintaining the normal range, being beneficial for health due to the low fat content of food provided to animals
Evaluación de diferentes niveles de banaharina en la alimentación de cuyes peruanos mejorados en la etapa de crecimiento y engorde
(Universidad Estatal de Bolívar . Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias . Escuela de Medicina Veyterinaria y Zootecnia, 2012) Muñoz Carranza, Juan Carlos; Montalvo, Vinicio
For cavícola exploitation reaches desired success, activities are needed to optimize the available resources such as food, plants and animals of good quality, so that the skills involved in parenting are effective and to establish adequate control over animal production, so that is economically and rentable.La this research is conducted in order to determine different levels of banaharina from banana, for food Peruvian guinea pig mejorados.En this research was the following objectives: Evaluate different levels banaharina feed guinea pigs in Peru improved in stages of growth and fattening. Identify which of the three levels (5, 10 and 15%) of banaharina, allows better weight gain in growing and fattening improved Peruvian guinea pigs. Determine what level of banaharina with alfalfa feed conversion is improved. Perform economic analysis on the cost / benefit. This research work was carried out in the Draft Species Under Bolivar State University. Design was a randomized complete block with four treatments (0, 5, 10 and 15% of banaharina) and three replicates and experimental unit size of 5 animals for a total of 60 animals. With this investigation reached the following conclusions: Statistically significant differences were not about body weight, food intake, weight gain, feed conversion and mortality, used for the present investigation it was concluded that the banaharina is for efficient feeding. As for the final weight of the guinea pigs was the highest value on the T1 or 0% of banaharina weighing 140.53 grams and the lowest weight was 10% T3 or banaharina weighing 100.8 grams because of their palatability . The highest weight gain was the T1 or 0% of banaharina weighing 677.33 grams throughout the research period, which had the least amount of weight was 10% T3 or banaharina weighing 545.27 grams . Animals that consumed most was the T1 or 0% of banaharina with 4132.47 grams, and those who consumed the least amount was 15% of T4 or banaharina whose consumption was 4095.13 grams, due to the palatability of food. The higher feed conversion were the guinea pigs of the T2 or banaharina 5% with a value of 7.7, which was lower feed conversion obtained in T1 or 0% of banaharina with a value of 6.3. As for the economic analysis in the Benefit / Cost can mention that treatment T1 or 0% of banaharina gives a better utility and profitability being this of 122.59 dollars, if that does not happen with T4 treatment banaharina or 15%. And it recommends using banaharina in diets for guinea pigs to be recommended banaharina 15% since we found no statistically significant difference. With respect to the obtained results recommend the use of banaharina not essential for this animal species
Evaluación del perfil metaboólico proteico sanguineo y calidad de leche en vacas lactantes suplementadas con minerales quelatados
(Universidad Estatal de Bolívar . Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias . Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, 2012) Bustos Marcial, Carlos Alberto; Gutiérrez Rodríguez, Daniel Alejandro; Cordero, Franco
Livestock on the farm owned by the Institute of Agricultural Technology "Luis A. Martinez "located in the Parish Cunchibamba Ambato Canton in the province of Tungurahua, we evaluated three levels of chelated minerals including extra additive for lactating cows. One of the supplementary feed was formulated based on chelated minerals commonly used the same experimental group was given witness. The other diet formulated on the basis of chelated minerals and administered to the two experimental groups divided according to milk production. These formulations were evaluated following additional variables: Levels of blood urea nitrogen, total blood protein levels, percentage of fat in milk, nonfat solids concentration in milk, milk density, percentage of protein in milk and milk production per cow / day, week, total. We used 24 experimental units (cows) divided into 3 groups taking into account the experimental unit size is 1 animal, and each group has 8 repetitions. They were distributed in a randomized complete block, and evaluated under the statistical analysis of variance. The experimental results showed highly statistically significant differences between treatments for the variables of blood urea nitrogen and total protein in blood. But for the test results were recorded only milk but not numerical differences between treatments statistics. The evaluation of chelated minerals as dietary additive source was made in the span of 60 days provided at the time of each milking (evening) in amount of 10 grams per liter chelated minerals, milk production, according to manufacturer's recommendations for the experimental groups 1 and 2. For the control group used a normal mineral concentrate. The amount of feed for each cow was divided into 4 kg each milking. 101 Experimental animals are kept under a continuous grazing system based rotating alfalfa and rye grass pastures as major and semi feedlot management system
Evaluación del rendimiento de conejos Neozelandes en la fase crecimiento engorde con panela en el alimento balanceado en tres porcentajes (0, 5, 10, 15) mas alfalfa en la parroquia Gabriel Ignacio Veintimilla, cantón Guaranda, provincia Bolívar
(Universidad Estatal de Bolívar . Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias . Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, 2012) Moreta Romero, Alvaro Manuel; Aldáz, Jaime
This research was conducted in the parish Gabriel Ignacio Veintimilla Guaranda Canton, Bolivar Province is located at 2,469 meters, with an average temperature of 14.5 ° C. With an average annual rainfall of 900 mm and an annual heliophany light 930 hours / year, which raised the following objectives: To evaluate the performance of New Zealand rabbits in the growth phase - fattening with the use of sugarcane in three rates (0, 5 , 10, 15%) in the feed more alfalfa, in the Parish Gabriel Ignacio Veintimilla, Canton Guaranda - Province of Bolivar. Set the productive performance of New Zealand rabbits were fed with different levels balanced by adding more brown sugar alfalfa during the growing season - fattening. Determining the costs of production and profitability through the indicator benefit / cost. In the execution of work used 32 male rabbits of New Zealand race of 45 days old and weighing 0,769 kg average, they were placed in metal cages for a random drawing prior to treatment to establish that it deserves. The balanced developed at the plant balanced Bolivar State University based on the different levels of brown sugar used (0, 5, 10, 15%), feeding the animals was performed daily at the same time (8H00, 16H00), the food was supplied in equal amounts to each individual, this effect is both balanced weight previously as fodder. That supply of green fodder were 150 g per day per animal during the first thirty days of investigation, for thirty days each rabbit was given an amount of 250 grams daily and the last third of the work I contribute 350 grams per day for each rabbit. Balanced relative to the amounts provided panela were 50 grams per animal per day during the first month for the second month will be provided 100 grams per day per animal in the last month I provide 150 grams per animal per day. The fresh water made it twice daily or when they require. The animals were weighed every 15 days to record the data proposed in the research, also verified daily if there was mortality of animals, but in this case there were no low. In economic analysis considering the sale of breeding animals for breeding and with reference to the final weights to establish the cost (3.50 dollars per kg of live weight) found higher returns when they are food supply with the balanced containing different levels of sugar, from which to use 15% was obtained a yield of 28% or whatever it is the same as a benefit / cost ratio of 1.28, so depending on the economic analysis may indicate that the use of balanced with 15% favoring panela production and economic behavior in the rabbit production as they reach higher weights and weight gains, feed 110 conversion more efficient, lower production costs and increased profitability, which exceed the current bank interest rates, if considered a fixed-term economic investment. In production costs was set up to save 24 cents per kg of weight gain, comparing the costs of production in the control group with the use of 15% of panela (1.43 versus $ 1.19, respectively). With the balanced containing 15% of sugarcane is reached the highest economic return of 28% (B / C of 1.18), which is higher by 10 points compared to that achieved with control animals (B / C of 1.08 .)
Determinación de vectores de Leishmania ssp en la provincia de Bolívar
(Universidad Estatal de Bolívar . Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias . Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, 2012) Chiliquinga Sigcho, Freddy Vinicio; Castro Zamora, José Rosendo; Yánez, Danilo
The following investigation was carried out in the following subtropical cantons The Ships, Caluma, Echeandia of the County Bolívar. Whose purpose was to carry out the determination of vectors of Leishmania sp. For that which you/they thought about the following objectives the determination of vectors of leishmaniasis sp in Bolívar's county in the present investigation. To determine the influence of the leishmaniasis in the different enclosures of each canton and the types of present flebótomos in each affection. To determine the current prevalence relating with the old thing and the present thing, of their grade of chronicity in affected people with this illness. For the present investigation they were carried out domiciliary surveys inside the cantons and enclosures for each canton you interviews to 100 families taking like reference to subentries of health of each enclosure giving as entirety 300 surveys for the three cantons. Inside this investigation work one carries out technical chats in each area of health of the enclosures of the three cantons and schools of the same one. For the analysis of the data one carries out with it formulates it extended that guides on the I calculate of the sample size for global data. Type of descriptive study of cross section, contemplating the parameters of Sample Universe. Technical of gathering of information. You uses Arithmetic mean, Maxim, Minimum, Charts of Frequency Deviation, Considerations Eticas.Variables objects of the study. He/she witnesses of the vector. Characteristic ecological of the towns. Giving as a result that the leishmaniasis is an illness of high dissemination risk in warm humid areas according to the realized investigation
Determinación intestinales de parásitos mediante la gastro- técnica coprológica de flotación en perros en la ciudad de Quito, sector Alangasí
(Universidad Estatal de Bolívar . Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias . Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, 2012) Ruíz Arboleda, Andrea; Yánez, Danilo
In PAE FOUNDATION, Alangasí-Quito I proceed to collect feces samples from 40 dogs, for its respective coproparasitary analysis, conducted in LIVEXLAB Laboratory, through Flotation Technique. The results showed that 70% of the animals didn’t show any type of parasite, and 30% indicated; Hookworm, in 17.5%, 7.5% Toxocara canis; isospora 7.5%; taenia 2.5%; 5% Giardia lambia; Trichomonas 5%. Similarly is established that the average age of individuals is 2-3 years old. The research for dogs’ sex was 50% males and 50% females. The races found were: Pitbull 5%; Schnauzer 5%; Half-Breed 52%; Bassed Haund 2%; Golden Retriever 7%, Boxer 7%; Spanish dog 13%; Fox Terrier 3%; Akita 3%; German shepherd 3%. The average weight was 10 to 15 kg. Analyzing the age and the presence of parasites, dogs from 2 to 3 years old accused a high percentage of infestation, and the most frequent parasite is Hookworm. As for sex and number of parasites contained, male dogs had greater infestation and increased incidence of Hookworm. For races and types of parasites half-breed dogs had more quantity and depending on the weight of the animals between 10 and 15 kg, they harbored more parasites in their intestines. With the respective development of the research and analysis, I determined that PAE FOUNDATION performs an adequate control of worming, although parasites were found in low amounts