Agronomía

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Browsing Agronomía by Author "Aguilar Carrera, Dilon"

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    Respuesta agronómica de dos densidades de siembra en el cultivo de girasol (Helianthus Annus), mediante la aplicación de dos dosis de fertilización química, en la parroquia de Yaruquí, provincia de Pichincha
    (Universidad Estatal de Bolívar . Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias . Escuela de Ingeniería Agronómica, 2013) Aguilar Carrera, Dilon; Velóz, Fernando
    The origin of the sunflower (Helianthus annus) is west of North America north of México. Sunflower is an important crop in the world for its high-value oilseed plant, forage and ornamental. In Latin America the sunflower is grown as a cut flower in several countries among others is: United States, Mexico, Guatemala, Costa Rica, Colombia, Brazil, Ecuador, etc. In our country there are about 110 hectares which correspond to the cultivation of sunflower as a cut flower, they are distributed, 82% in the province of Pichincha and 18% in others (Imbabura, Cotopaxi, Azuay, etc.). This research was conducted in the parish of Yaruquí to 2521 m.s.n.m, Quito Canton, Pichincha Province. The soil was sandy loam with a pH of 6.7 and an average rainfall of 1050 mm annually. In this research, the following aims: Evaluate the effect of two planting densities in growing sunflower (Helianthus annus), to the application of two chemical fertilization. Determine that seeding increased productivity provides flower. Identify the dose of chemical fertilizer that helps higher productivity of sunflower flower chapters. Perform an economic analysis of partial budget and TMR (%). Design was a randomized complete block (DBCA) in 2 x 2 factorial arrangement with 4 replications. The factor A densities corresponded to ornamental sunflower: A1 = 54 plants/m2 (270 p / t), A2 = 75 p/m2 (375 p / t), regardless of the way. The factor B: were fertilization: B1 = 30/10/30, B2 = 30/10/40 % of NPK. Chemical analysis were conducted soil before planting , analysis of variance, Tukey test at 5% correlation analysis and linear regression economic partial budget analysis , dominance analysis and calculation of the Marginal Rate of Return. The main results obtained in this research were: The agronomic response ornamental sunflower (Helianthus annus), evaluated in this agro-ecological zone for most yield components was very different. According to the statistical analysis, the average yield was highest in density A2: 375 plants / treatment 460 692 stems. The effect of two doses of ornamental sunflower fertilization was very different, the higher average dose was evaluated in B2: 10/30/40 % NPK with 411,367 stems / ha. In the interaction of (A x B) higher average performance was quantified in T4: a2b2 (375 p / t + 30/10/40 %), with 475 675 stems / ha. The incidence of pests and diseases in this crop is low relative percentages recorded the economic threshold, which 76 contributed to the performance of export quality stems. Economically based solely on costs that vary in each treatment, the best alternative treatment technology was T2: a1b2 (270 p / t + 10/30/40 % NPK) with a net profit of $ 20,542.52/ha and TMR of 1153%. Finally this research contributed to improve the efficiency of local production system, selecting and evaluating densities with fertilization, which is an alternative to improve the income of the growers